Fast food Resturents in India Essay Example for Free

Cheap food Resturents in India Essay 1. Presentation Internationally, there is a developing interest for food away from home because of higher wages, changes in utilization designs, changes in family piece, and the time pressures made by double working families. The foodservice business has gotten exceptionally serious as the quantity of foodservice outlets has expanded to satisfy the need. So as to prevail in such a serious industry, café administrators need to comprehend the variables (and their relative significance) that impact eatery patrons’ choice while choosing an eatery This exploration examines customer decision utilizing the shopper dynamic procedure as a system and recognizes the elements that impact the choices of purchasers in the upscale, ethnic fragment of the foodservice business. This part surveys the important writing about shoppers and administrations, the customer dynamic procedure model, and past investigations in consumers’ café determination conduct. Besides, the interrelationships between consumer loyalty, food quality, administration quality and decision aims are talked about. Finally, the café decision factors, feasting event, and segment attributes are checked on. 1.1 FASTFOOD Cheap food is the term given to food that can be arranged and served rapidly. While any feast with low planning time can be viewed as inexpensive food, commonly the term alludes to food sold in an eatery or store with preheated or precooked fixings, and served to the client in a bundled structure for take-out/remove. 1.2 CUSTOMER CHOICE In microeconomics, the hypothesis of shopper decision relates inclinations (for the utilization of the two products and ventures). Inclinations are the wants by every person for the utilization of merchandise and enterprises that convert into decisions dependent on salary or riches for acquisition of products and ventures to be joined with the purchasers time to characterize utilization exercises. 1.3 FASTFOOD INDUSTRY The cheap food industry is ruled by a bunch of incredible enterprises who are resolved to forcefully drive creation expenses to the base. Low wages are a focal piece of this program. Since each dollar a business needs to pay as wages is one less dollar in their pocket. The lower the wages, the better the benefits. The organizations that have applied this recipe most effectively are McDonalds, Burger King and Yum (Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, KFC).Together these enormous aggregates rule the business, utilizing 3.7 million individuals around the world; working a joined aggregate of 60,000 stores. 1.4 FASTFOOD RESTORENT IN INDORE Indore is celebrated city in an inexpensive food industry. Such huge numbers of mnc’s and country lavel company putting resources into the city. Indorins likewise like an inexpensive food. That’s why many endeavor opened in indore like as:- 1.4.1 McDonald’s McDonald’s is the universes biggest chain of cheeseburger drive-through eateries, serving around 68 million clients every day in 119 nations. Headquartered in the United States, the organization started in 1940 as a grill café worked by Richard and Maurice McDonald; in 1948 they redesigned their business as a cheeseburger stand utilizing creation line standards. Representative Ray Kroc joined the organization as an establishment operator in 1955. He in this way bought the chain from the McDonald siblings and managed its overall development. McDonalds principally sells burgers, cheeseburgers, chicken, Frenchfries, breakfast things, softdrinks, milkshakes and treats. In light of changing purchaser tastes, the organization has extended its menu to incorporate servings of mixed greens, fish, wraps, smoothies and natural product. 1.4.2 Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) KFC (Kentucky Fried Chicken) is a drive-through joint chain headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, which has some expertise in singed chicken. An American symbol, it is the universes second biggest eatery network by and large (as estimated by deals) after McDonalds, with more than 18,000 outlets in 120 nations and regions as of December 2012. The organization is an auxiliary of Yum! Brands, a café organization which likewise claims Pizza Hut and Taco Bell. KFC was established by Harland Sanders, who started selling singed chicken from his side of the road eatery in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression. Sanders was one of the principal individuals to see the capability of the café diversifying idea, with the main Kentucky Fried Chicken establishment opening in Utah in 1952. 1.4.3 Pizza Hut Pizza hovel is the biggest pizza Restaurant Company on the planet. It has 12000 outlets in 90 nations utilizing in excess of 3 lakh individuals. The heritage of pizza cottage started in 1958.In India there are very little outlets, out of 1086 nations India is one of them however just in 9 urban communities pizza hovel has its outlets. Pizza Hut has a forceful development plan for India. It means to have 100 outlets before the finish of 2004. Pizza Hut will combine its essence in urban communities where it as of now exists as an undertaking to make a significant portion of these productive markets first before spreading to different markets. Further, all new outlets in India would be franchisee possessed coming about because of the smooth working of the current stores which are all franchisee claimed. Henceforth, a similar game plan will be followed later on to guarantee development arranged outcomes. The information composed underneath speak to what Pizza cottage is about and gives a concise profile of the organization. 1.4.4 Domino’s Pizza Upbeat Food Works Limited (the Company) is a Jubilant Bhartia Group Company, The Company was joined in 1995 and started activities in 1996, The Company got recorded on the Indian bourses in February 2010, Mr, Shyam S, Bhartia, Mr, Hari S, Bhartia and Jubilant Enpro Private Ltd, are the Promoters of the Company. The Company its auxiliary works Dominos Pizza brand with the restrictive rights for India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, The Company is Indias biggest and quickest developing food administration organization, with a system of 500+ Dominos Pizza Stores (as of 31st March, 2012) The Company is the market head in the composed pizza advertise with a 54% piece of the overall industry (Euro screen Report 2010) and 70% offer in the pizza home conveyance fragment in India, The Company has fortified its portfolio by going into a concurrence with Dunkin Donuts Franchising LLC, for building up the Dunkin Donuts brand and working eateries in India.

The Republic Concept

The Republic Concept A republic is a nationhood that doesn't watch direct by the by it has a structure of organization wherein some critical individuals from the gathering hold the incomparable authority over the administration. They settle on choices concerning set up law other than the head of states.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Republic Concept explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"The word republic is gotten from a Latin expression, ‘res publica,’ which implies open affairs†[1]. Frequently a republic is viewed as a sovereign state, however this ought not be mixed up with other sub-national units that are portrayed as to as a republic, or that have government that is depicted as republican in form[2]. For instance, Article IV of the Constitution of the United States assurances to each State in this Union a Republican type of Government. The Soviet Union was a solitary state made up of discrete and apparently sovereign Soviet Social ist Republics†[3]. In numerous specific circumstances, the term republic regularly alludes to an arrangement of government that gets its forces from the represented as opposed to from default or extreme methods, for example legacy or awesome right.[4] â€Å"Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Montesquieu bolstered the possibility of a republic, and suggested on the city-conditions of Greece as models†[5] Nonetheless, both additionally opined that a country state like France, with a populace of 20 million, was illogical to be regulated as a republic. â€Å"Rousseau clarified his optimal political structure of little self-sufficient cooperatives, anyway Montesquieu noticed that a city state was essentially a republic, yet held that an incomplete government was increasingly appropriate for to an enormous nation.†[6] In 1995, a Princeton overview inquire about affiliation led a meeting haphazardly to grown-ups where individuals were asked the amount they confided in their legi slature to make the best choice, 21 percent said more often than not, 71 percent said distinctly on some of the time. They were again posed a similar inquiry about their state government the outcome were marginally better since 30 percent said more often than not while 62 percent said just sometimes[7]. From these outcomes we can presume that the American individuals accept that their legislature isn't making the best decision in a large number of moves it makes. We realize that no one is immaculate in this world however this numbers are so high coming about into certain inquiries that necessities answers, for example, What caused this issue in the United States, what is the stretch out of this issue in our nation, and is this doubt of our administration even a significant issue at all?[8] The response to these inquiries can't be handily discovered explanation being there is no definite reason for the difficult that can be pinpointed however individuals guarantee that it is because of poor initiative. Two of the greatest drops in the publics trust in the administration happened in 1964, during the shelling of Vietnam, and in 1972 during Watergate (Nye) during the time President Johnson and President Nixon were in power.Advertising Looking for paper on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although these two occasions may have added to the doubt of the American government, it doesn't really imply that they are completely mindful to what is happened[9]. This happened 20 years prior and can't be the reason for doubt to date on the grounds that for one explanation, the demonstration of question of the legislature has been developing reliably and can't be contrasted with previously. In this way the issue can't be pegged to the two heads however the whole American political leaders.[10] Another review was done in a 1995 where 35 percent of the respondents saw the primary motivation behind why they didn't believe the government is that lawmakers need trustworthiness and uprightness another 45 percent said legislators are not worried about the interests and prosperity of the individuals. This outcomes unmistakably show that its absolutely impossible individuals can trust there government in general on the off chance that they don't believe the individuals who make up the administration. To know how wide spread the issue of doubt is in the American government ABC News surveying association did seven unique surveys between 1985-1987 soliciting, How a significant part of the time do you believe the administration in Washington to make the right decision? Between 56-62 percent said in some cases or never.[11] In 1994, surveys results indicated that 15 percent of the American open believed in the national government and just 30 percent believed in their state and neighborhood government. Doubt in United States government isn't basically from a little section of individuals for the most pa rt the poor the same number of individuals think in light of the fact that from the examination directed we can see that Americans have next to no trust in their political leaders.[12] It is away from of the legislature by the individuals and this stances difficult issues with regards to administration and participation. Numerous individuals express that the negativity and doubt in America are not an issue by any stretch of the imagination. Individuals state that doubt of government has been around since the country’s starting and is nothing to stress over they more remote accept that America was established with a question of government that is the best George of England. Another supposition is that individuals esteem the constitution so much despite the fact that they don't confide in the consistently exercises of the administration, 80% of Americans trust United States as the best spot on the planet to live and 19% say that they like the vote based arrangement of governmen t. Thy e actuality that not all the Americans activities are doubted offers would like to the residents to recover confidence in there government.[13]Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The Republic Concept explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More most of individuals don't believe their legislature and its causes are fluctuated. This pattern, however it tends to be identified with the sort of government officials that are being chosen in the nation and the people groups emotions towards those authorities. Albeit some don't trust it is actually an issue, it is ideal to have the option to put some confidence and trust is the individuals who lead and direct this nation. Apparently the best way to do that is to choose distinct individuals that we can trust and the best way to achieve that is to get taught on the issues and vote.[14][15] Adams, Paul. Republicanism in Political Rhetoric Before 1776. Political Theory Quarterly, Vol. 85, No. 3 (Sep., 1970): pp. 397â€421. Print. Anderson, Lisa. Absolutism and the Resilience of Monarchy in the Middle East. Political Theory Quarterly, Vol. 106, No. 1 (Spring, 1991): pp. 1â€15. Print. Bailyn, Bernard. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1967. Everdell, William. The End of Kings: A History of Republics and Republicans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Print. Everdell, William. The End of Kings: A History of Republics and Republicans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Print.Advertising Searching for article on government? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Better, Samuel. The History of Government from the Earliest Times. Oxford University Press, 1999. Print. Gelderen, Martin Skinner, Quentin. Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage, v2, The Values of Republicanism in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2002. Print. Haakonssen, Knud. Republicanism. A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1995. Print. Hankins, James. â€Å"Exclusivist Republicanism and the Non-Monarchical Republic.† Political Theory 38.4 (August 2010): 452-482. Print. Kramnick, Isaac. Republicanism and Bourgeois Radicalism: Political Ideology in Late Eighteenth-Century England and America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990. Print. Maynor, John. Republicanism in the cutting edge world. New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. Print. McCormick, John. Machiavelli against Republicanism: On the Cambridge Schools Guicciardinian Moments' Political Theory, Vol. 31, No. 5 (Oct., 2003): pp. 615â€643. Print. Nippel, Wilfried. Ol d and Modern Republicanism. The Invention of the Modern Republic ed. Biancamaria Fontana. London: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Print. Pettit, Philip. Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government. NY: Oxford U.P., 1997. Print. References John Maynor. Republicanism in the advanced world. New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003, p. 4. Wilfried, Nippel. Old and Modern Republicanism. The Invention of the Modern Republic ed. Biancamaria Fontana. London: Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 63. Knud Haakonssen. Republicanism. A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1995, p. 15. Isaac Kramnick. Republicanism and Bourgeois Radicalism: Political Ideology in Late Eighteenth-Century England and America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990, p. 36. Wilfried, Nippel. Old and Modern Republicanism. The Invention of the Modern Republic ed. Biancamaria Fontana. London: Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 63. Wilfried, Nippel. Old and Modern Republicanism. The Inve ntion of the Modern Republic ed. Biancamaria Fontana. London: Cambridge University Press, 1994, p. 63. Bernard, Bailyn. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1967, 56. Lisa Anderson. Absolutism and the Resilience of Monarchy in the Middle East. Political Theory Quarterly, Vol. 106, No. 1 (Spring, 1991): pp. 1â€15. William Everdell. The End of Kings: A History of Republics and Republicans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000, p. 136. Philip, Pettit. Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government. NY: Oxford U.P., 1997, 147. Martin Gelderen Quentin Skinner. Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage, v2, The Values of Republ

My Old Kentucky Home

My Old Kentucky Home Its been a while since my last entry. Right now Im visiting my mom, stepdad, and four siblings in Louisville, Kentucky, and will be there for two weeks. You know, until I arrived at MIT, I didnt think I had a Southern accent. Really, I still dont think I have a Southern accent. Compared to most people in the South, I certainly dont. But in my first couple of months in New England, somebody told me I had a Southern accent at least 2-3 times a week (by now, of course, I have a group of people I interact with who have known me long enough to know what I talk like, and therefore dont feel compelled to comment). I certainly use some Southern-isms though. I remember that during some activity with my Orientation group as an incoming frosh, we got into a good-natured, vehement argument about what the proper name is for a soft drink. Most people said soda. Some people said pop (Im still unclear on what region of the country says pop). Myself and the other Southerner in the group said coke. I promise Im not making this up. In the South, coke isnt just a brand name (and that would be Coke with a capital C anyway), its a generic name for soft drinks. If you go to a restaurant and say Could I have a coke? youll be asked What kind? To me, this seems natural, but several of my MIT friends were incredulous when I explained it to them. By now, though, Ive learned to use the word soda in New England to prevent confusion. Any other Kentuckians reading this? Or Southerners in general? Were a bit underrepresented at MIT, especially if you count the Texans as their own region. Before I lived in Kentucky (we moved there when I was eleven), I lived in Georgia, in a suburb of Atlanta where my dad still lives. By the time you go that far south, youve hit the Deep South, where people still talk about damn Yankees (and mean something other than the baseball team). I was in Atlanta for the 1996 Olympics. I had just turned eleven. The Olympic torch was handed off less than a mile from my house. I went to track cycling and softball, and my mom was a volunteer for the mountain biking event. A few months later, I got a letter published in the Atlanta Journal-Contstitution talking about the prison system in Georgia and the benefits of rehabilitation, and the Chairman of the Georgia Department of Corrections read it (and my age with it) sent me a personal letter assuring me that he was a good guy, and an official Atlanta Olympics police hat. Anyway, I will continue to write entries while on vacation. Send me some questions, guys, if you have any. I feel like I hardly get any questions. I also feel like this may turn into a classic be careful what you wish for scenario, but whatever.

Sociology A Down- To- Earth Approach - 993 Words

In today’s society, norms are expected by everyone. According to the book Essentials of Sociology a Down- To- Earth Approach, Hansen states that norms are expectations of right† behavior (Hansen, 2014). There are also two forms of norms that may be strictly enforced or not. There is folkways and mores. Folkways are norms that aren’t strictly enforced while mores are strictly enforced for essential thought to care values or the well-being of a group (Hansen, 2014). Along with a norm and the two types, there may also be reactions to it. These reactions may be positive or negative and termed as sanctions. Sanctions are either expressions of an approval given to people for upholding norms or expression of disapproval for violating them (Hansen, 2014). In conducting a norm experiment, the terms were put to a test. The experiment consisted of an observed norm violation and an individual norm violation. The experiments resulted in what I had hypothesized. My hypothesis c onsisted of sanctions of the norms that were conducted. In the observe norm violation experiment, it was concluded to result in negative sanction. The experiment consisted of a friend of mine and I ordering our lunch at In n Out. It was my friend, Denise’s turn to order her meal. Denise ordered a double- double with no cheese, no thousand island spread, a single patty and only onions, tomatoes, and lettuce. The employee looked at her in a dumbfound manner and confirmed her ordered as a hamburger. Denise was notShow MoreRelatedThe Major Theories of Sociology Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolic Interactionism In the field of sociology, sociologists use many different theories to base their ideas and observations on; however, the three major theories that are used are symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. It is these three theories that will be the focus of this paper. To begin with, we will start with symbolic interactionism. Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead developed symbolic interactionism. In order to understand what this theory isRead MoreThe Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology911 Words   |  4 Pages Symbolic interactionism is the first of the three theoretical perspectives in Sociology. This avenue of examining sociological factors looks at more personal interactions than the other two perspectives. Sociologist observe patterns and behaviors of these smaller interactions to define, or redefine, the use and evolution of symbols in society. Some sociologist see this approach as being too focused on one person’s view and take on society rather than trying to understand society as a functioningRead MoreGender And Social Conflict Within Gender Specific Institutions1499 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in Gender Specific Institutions Miranda Shipley Morningside College The topics that I have been assigned to study in this specific sociology course that I am currently enrolled in include: gender and social conflict. Other than the assigned textbook for this specific sociology class, entitled Introduction to Sociology, I will also be using the sources entitled Article Tools and Gender and Social Conflict I believe that these sources better allowed me to reflect and explainRead MoreSociology and Common Sense Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesExplain the difference between a â€Å"common sense† and a â€Å"sociological† view of human behaviour, giving relevant examples. Sociology is a social science that enables people to understand the structure and dynamics of society. By using a scientific approach, and by critically analysing society using qualitative and quantitative methods, sociologists can find patterns and connections within human behaviour to provide explanations of how society affects people. Sociological views are based on theoriesRead MoreExample Of The Three Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology1044 Words   |  5 Pages Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Nanesha Greathouse HCC Abstract This paper describes the three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology: symbolic interactionism, functionalism and conflict theory. Sociologists developed these theoretical perspectives to help explain the way individuals conduct themselves and to help us to gain a better understanding of the world around us. Throughout this paper, the reader will learn about each perspective and its origin as well as additionalRead MoreThe Impact of Social Class and Stratification1728 Words   |  7 PagesSkylar Freve Mr. Gompf Sociology 101 30 November, 2010 The Impact of Social Class/Stratification Stratification and the division of people into social classes is a fundamental part of American society. Stratification is a concept that is universal; it is found in every country, every nation of the world. It is a system in which large groups of people, not individuals, are divided into different layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige. Stratification appliesRead MoreThe Role and Function of Religion636 Words   |  3 Pagesreligion is an element of faith (2012). My religion is Romanian Pentecostalism. I am the first generation born in America and my parents are from Romania. My religion is based on Pentecostal beliefs as well as Romanian culture. The book Essentials of Sociology talks about the functions and dysfunctions a religion, the symbols and categories of a religion, and the social class and tolerance of my religion. Henslin explains the different functions of religion and what they mean: questions about ultimateRead More Comparison of the American and Chinese Cultures Essay1898 Words   |  8 Pagesobvious classification of religion in the U.S. is race (Sociology A Down-to-Earth Approach, 1999, pg. 511). African Americas and the White population tend to separate themselves into their own churches. With so many congregations and denominations throughout the U.S. there is no dominate religion. Over the years moderilization in the U.S. has put less importance on religion. The Chinese culture is very much centered on religion (A Down-to-Earth Approach, 1999 pg. 512). Over a period of year’s educationRead MoreDivorce And Its Definition Of Marriage978 Words   |  4 Pagesdivorce, and even what is considered to be a couple. In order to understand divorce, it is important that we begin by defining what marriage is since divorce wouldn’t exist if it wasn’t for the step of marriage. According to our book, Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (12th edition), it defines marriage as: â€Å"A group’s approved mating arrangements, usually marked by a ritual of some sort (the wedding) to indicate the couple’s new public status† (Henslin, 452). The mere indication that a marriage isRead MoreThere Is A Wide Array Of Theories About The Cause Of Crime1102 Words   |  5 Pagesan individual’s biological makeup and predisposition influences whether he or she will participate in deviant behavior. An individual’s genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in his or her behavior. James M. Henslin, author of Sociology: A Down to Earth Approach, states that advancement in biological explanations has discovered correlation between sex, race, social class, and age in devian t behavior (201). Firstly, one major biological theory of deviance is Richard Dugdale’s theory of genetic

Lingo - Definition and Examples

An informal term for the special vocabulary of a particular group or field: jargon.Language or speech that is perceived as strange or unintelligible. Plural: lingoes. Etymology: From the Latin lingua   , tongue Examples and Observations Cowboy Lingo The various buildings on the ranch had their various slang names. The main house, or house of the owner, was known as the white house (its usual color, if painted), the Big House, Bulls Mansh, or headquarters. The bunkhouse was equally well known as the dog-house, dice-house, dump, shack, or dive, while the cook-shack, if it was a separate building, was spoken of as the mess-house, grub-house, feed-trough, feed-bag, nose-bag, or swallow-an-git-out trough.   (Ramon Frederick Adams, Cowboy Lingo. Houghton, 2000) Australian Lingoes To speak the lingo is to become a member of a group that shares a sense of itself and expresses that sense in its own language. In the sense of the Great Australian Lingo that group consists of all its speakers--most Australians, in fact. There are also many other lingoes, past and present, that are and have been spoken in Australia by different groups, or speech communities as they are called. . . .What does the term TALK RIVER mean, for example? You almost certainly will not know unless you worked in or were close to the Murray River boat trade. In that speech community, it means to talk about matters relating to the river, its people and its business. Unless you are involved with the welding trade you would be unlikely to know that STICK and TIC refer to different forms of welding--STICK is with flame heat and TIC with an electric arc. Nor would you know what a KROMER CAP is.​  (Graham Seal, The Lingo: Listening to Australian English. UNSW Press, 1999) Hospital Lingo Like any specialized jargon, the shoptalk used by residents not only conveys facts but provides a running commentary on the absurdities of hospital life...A sampling of current resident-speak follows, drawn from the wards of a busy teaching hospital.Banana bag: an intravenous solution containing a liquid multivitamin that colors the fluid a bright yellow, used in undernourished or alcoholic patients. Doc-in-the-box: an urgent-care walk-in clinic. Hes moonlighting at a doc-in-the-box downtown.Gomer: shorthand for Get out of my emergency room. Any undesirable patient, usually one that is unkempt, demented, combative or any combination of the above...Tail-light sign: when a patient (usually elderly) is dropped off at an emergency room by relatives who drive away before an evaluation is complete, forcing the patient to be admitted to the hospital whether or not his medical condition requires it.Wallet biopsy: checking a patients insurance or financial status before embarking on expensive procedures.  (adapted from Hospital Lingo: Whats a Bed Plug? An L.O.L. in N.A.D. by Sheilendr Khipple. The New York Times, May 13, 2001) The Use of War Lingo by Journalists Back in August, the [Associated Press] issued a memo about how to convey campaign coverage, and it included this passage: war lingo — use criticized instead of attacked, or choose a better verb to describe what the candidate is doing, i.e., challenging, doubting, etc. Also avoidable: launch an assault, take aim, open fire, bombard. AP Deputy Managing Editor for Standards Tom Kent lays out the thinking behind the rules: We’ve long felt it’s a good idea to avoid weapons metaphors when we’re not talking about real weapons. Even beyond evoking memories of violent events, we think frequent use of these terms in non-military situations smacks of overdramatization and hyping, writes Kent via e-mail.  (Erik Wemple, No More Taking Aim,’ ‘Blasting,’ ‘Sniping’! The Washington Post, December 20, 2012) A Parody of Social Science Lingo The lingo used by sociologists and such annoys many reasonable people. Richard D. Fay of M.I.T. is one of them. Last week the Washington Star picked up a letter he had written to the Harvard Alumni Bulletin in which he showed how the Gettysburg Address would sound, lumbered up in that lingo:​ Eight and seven-tenths decades ago, the pioneer workers in this continental area implemented a new group based on an ideology of free boundaries and initial conditions of equality. We are now actively engaged in an overall evaluation of conflicting factors . . . We are met in an area of maximum activity among the conflicting factors . . . to assign permanent positions to the units which have been annihilated in the process of attaining a steady state. This procedure represents standard practice at the administrative level.From a more comprehensive viewpoint, we cannot assign--we cannot integrate--we cannot implement this area . . . The courageous units, in being annihilated . . . have integrated it to the point where the application of simple arithmetical operations to include our efforts would produce only negligible effects . . .It is preferable for this group to be integrated with the incompleted implementation . . . that we here resolve at a high ethical level that the deceased s hall not have been annihilated without furthering the project--that this group . . . shall implement a new source of unhampered activity--and that political supervision composed of the integrated units, for the integrated units, and by the integrated units shall not perish from . . . this planet. (Lumbering Lingo. Time, August 13, 1951) The Decline of Lunch Counter Lingo [T]he vitality of lunch-counter speech--cats eyes for tapioca, baby for a glass of milk, jerk for ice cream soda, and Adam and Eve on a raft for fried eggs on toast--had a raciness about it that many people sought to put an end to in the late 1930s.  (John F. Mariani, The Dictionary of American Food and Drink. Hearst Books, 1994) Pronunciation: LIN-go

Err Booklet Free Essays

ERR Booklet Task A – Short Answer Questions Ai – Imagine you are a newly appointed supervisor/manager within your service. You need to update your staff handbook to reflect current employment law. Identify three different sources of information you could use to enable you to do this. We will write a custom essay sample on Err Booklet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Direct. gov website Citizens advice Existing company handbook Aii – List three aspects of employment covered by law Work Conditions (safety, discrimination, accommodation, etc. ) Wages Hours ) List three main features of current employment legislation. Minimum wage Training Holiday entitlements Aiii – Briefly outline why employment law exists. Employment law exists to safeguard the interests of both employers and employees. We understand that this particular area of law is continually developing and it is of critical importance to keep abreast of evolving legislation. Bi – Describe the terms and conditions of your employment as set out in your contract of Employment or employment agreement )Job description – defining the role, responsibility level (eg Manager, Deputy Manager, Assistant etc). It might include limits on decision making/to whom one reports/is supervised by. 2) Entitlement – rate of pay, holiday entitlement, retirement and ill-health b enefits, bonus/overtime rates, uniform and/expenses allowances, canteen facilities, etc. 3) Responsibilities: working hours, dress code, reporting illness/absence, annual assessments, complaints procedures, notice periods for leaving/dismissal, requirements to change working hours. )General: Depending on the type of job, there might be other conditions restricting the employee taking other part-time work, confidentiality clauses, using company equipment for private use (eg phones, computers, vehicles) general codes of behaviour and adherence to certain corporate practices, health safety regulations, etc. The actual format of the contract will vary from company to company. Some will cover more general matters in a Staff Handbook which the employee is required to read and confirm he/she has done so Bii – Describe the information which needs to be shown on your pay slip/statement: Employee’s name Tax code National Insurance Nett pay Payment of overtime, bonus’s or tips Date Company name Payment method Payment period Biii – Identify two changes to personal information which you must report to your employer. Address Bank detail Biv – Describe the procedure to follow if you wanted to raise a grievance at work. You may describe this in writing or produce a flow chart or diagram. 1) Firstly, write to your employer setting out all the details of your grievance. ) Meet with your employer. Your employer should then arrange a meeting to discuss your issue and look at possible resolutions. It is your legal right to take a companion to this meeting, such as a colleague, a trade union representative or trade union official. This companion may speak on your behalf, but may not answer questions on your behalf. 3) Appeal your employer’s decision. After the meeting has taken place, your employer should write to you in a timely fashion with a decision on how your rievance will be resolved. If you are unsatisfied with this decision, then you have the right to appeal. This appeal should again be made in writing, and your employer must arrange another meeting. Bv – Explain the agreed ways of working with your employer in relation to the following areas: Without a job description how would you apply for a job, both you and your employer need to know the perimeters that you will work to be able to determine: the responsibility; the type and class of work you will do and pay scales. Unions will always never agree to working conditions that are not safe or health and safety valued,, however, the employer has a right to expect that when you are working in a firm that your time is productive so implementing ways of working by the use of ‘Time and Motion’ studies is not regarded as being taboo. That is why it is essential that there is communication between employer and employee or the employee’s representative, the Union. How to cite Err Booklet, Papers

Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce. Answer: Introduction: This paper studies the effect of parental discord on the psychological and physical health of a child, by examining the story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver. The story deals with the theme of separation, disharmony, conflict, struggle and miscommunication or rather lack of communication (Cammiss, 2016). Through the incidents narrated in the story, the author highlights how quarrels and arguments between parents traumatises the child and can sometimes lead to fatal injuries and harm. This assignment researches and studies the consequences a child suffers when born and brought up in a disharmonious family environment, full of anger and aggressiveness; and how it affects the psychological and physical health of the child. In addition to this, the child also has to suffer the pain of choosing any one of the parents. This view on divorce and its effect on children are supported by various theories coined by philosophers and authors. In recent times, the issue of divorce has become one of the most common causes of stress among children. The consequences of divorce are that the child will have to stay with only one parent, move to a new house and in a new environment without his or her consent. In most cases of divorce, it is the child whose well-being, desires are neglected by the parents, and thus suffers the most. According to Berlin, children who grow up in a intact and harmonised family environment, with the company of both the biological parents has performed better in every aspects of life; compared to those brought up in an hostile and aggressive family with the presence of only one parent (Haimi, Lerner, 2016). However, it does not guarantee the fact that divorce or single parenthood always lead to stress and poor performance in children; in certain cases they do have an advantageous effect on the development and well- being of the child. According to Harlow, Bowlby and Ainsworths theory of attachment, attachment is stated as one of the key factors that determines an individuals personality and behaviour throughout his life (Joyce, 2016). Attachment is a strong bond that first develops between the child and parents and then eventually between friends and lovers. In most cases children of divorce has difficulty in adaption to the various stages of life and forming a bond of attachment; whereas children coming from a peaceful and harmonious family background find it easy to adjust with society and forma a strong bond of relation. However, here also there are exceptions and we see children coming from a difficult family background adapting easily to various difficult situations in life and forming a bond of attachment with the society. According to Baker, parental alienation is a situation that occur when one parent target and actively campaigns against the other parent of the child (Kraus, 2016). This kind of alienating behaviour is a common occurrence among divorced and separated parents, as stated by Baker and Verrocchio. The authors also stated that alienation behaviour does not always occur due to happiness or lack of adjustments between the couples but the actual reason of such behaviour arises out of the desire to gain control and power of their familial situation (Skog, 2016). In the story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver, there prevails an environment of anger and aggressiveness, and the distance between couple is reflected as the girl stands at the door whereas the boy is inside the room ("Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver" 2017). There is an environment of gloominess and shadow in couples life as is symbolised by the darkness and gloomy weather outside as well as inside the house. The lack happiness and adjustment is between the couple is quite evident as they no longer want to stay with each other and there is no scope for resolution. In such a scenario, it is the child who suffers the most, as both the parents struggle to gain authority over the baby, as is depicted in the story (Thiongo, 2016).It can be described as a phenomenon of alienation, where the parents struggle for power and in the process neglect the emotions of the baby. In the ensuing battle between the parents, it is the child who is traumatised and this will adversely affect the ch ilds psychological development. This is kind of negligence is a total negligence on the part of the parents. The child does not get the love and company of both the parents and is forced to stay with any one of them and thus according to the theory of attachment, the child might find it difficult in future to adapt to the society and form a bond of affection with other society members ("An Analysis of the Short Story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver | Free Research Papers - EssayBoost" 2017). It might also give rise to reverse behaviour in the child and make the child more adaptable to various situations in life and thus create a bond of attachment with the society. However, in this story, the author depicts that discord and disharmony between parents can only lead to further deterioration of the family environment and can never have any positive influence as presented at the end of the story when a flowerpot falls on the ground and brakes. The breaking of the pot ominously indicates the fatal consequences, as they kept pulling on the baby. Though the author does not express it clearly, in his last sentence he mentioned that the issue has been settled ("Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver" 2017). This implicitly imply the fact that in the process of pulling on the baby the arm of the child might have broken, which symbolises their broken relationship; or something more fatal could have happened and the child might have been ripped apart, which symbolises death, not only of the baby but also of the relationship. However, in certain cases divorce can lead to positive influences on the child. Lack of adjustment and happiness between the parents can never prove to be beneficial for children, even if they stay together. Sometimes one of the parents lack sense of duty and care towards the child, and in such situations it is always better for the child to be brought up by a single parent in a more peaceful and caring atmosphere, than staying in an atmosphere of aggression and negligence (Thiongo, 2016). Thus, it can be concluded that conflict and discord between couple is one of the major sources of stress among children and young adults. In a disturbed family environment, young children suffer from various kinds of stress and trauma from a very early age. This hinders their emotional, psychological and mental growth, and influences the development of their behaviour and personality. References: An Analysis of the Short Story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver | Free Research Papers - EssayBoost. (2017). Essayboost.com. Retrieved 7 February 2017, from https://essayboost.com/an-analysis-of-the-short-story-popular-mechanics/ Cammiss, M. (2016). A retrospective study of the long-term effects of divorce on the wellbeing of young adults. Haimi, M., Lerner, A. (2016). The Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce on the Health Status of Children, and the Ways to Improve it.Journal of Clinical Medical Genomics, 1-7. Joyce, A. N. (2016). High?Conflict Divorce: A form of Child Neglect.Family Court Review,54(4), 642-656. Kraus, A. (2016).Parental alienation: the case for parentification and mental health(Doctoral dissertation, Colorado State University. Libraries). Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver. (2017). The Sitting Bee. Retrieved 7 February 2017, from https://sittingbee.com/popular-mechanics-raymond-carver/ Skog, F. (2016). Long-term effects of parental divorce: A population-based causal analysis. Thiongo, E. K. (2016).The effects of divorce on childrens social development(Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).

Religion and Environmental Ethics free essay sample

In the paper he wrote Christianity bears a huge burden of guilt and concludes that Hence we shall continue to have a worsening ecologic crisis until we reject the Christian axiom that nature has no reason for existence save to serve man. White depicted Western Christianity as seeing the world existing primarily for the benefit of man, and man, bearing Gods image and sharing in great measure Gods transcendence of nature, exploit nature for his proper ends according to Gods will. This thesis of White shall be referred to as Dominion Hypothesis for ease of identification in this paper. But are the claims in his Dominion Hypothesis valid? Does Christianity bear a burden of guilt for the ecological crisis of the world? The purpose of this paper is to assess the strength of his thesis by firstly analysing what the biblical scriptures and theologians have to say with regard to the relationship of God, man and the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion and Environmental Ethics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next the symptoms and origins of our ecological crisis are examined, after which their ties with Western Christianity are assessed to determine whether the later has causal relationship with the former. Finally, after arriving at the conclusion, some recommendations are presented. 1 Whites Thesis Whites thesis can briefly be summarized as: All forms of life modify their contexts, and the human race has in one sense simply done this more than others. However, the human impact on the environment, whilst frequently detrimental in the past, was given an added impetus by Christianity in its Westernized form. Western society, as a product of Westernized Christianity, inherits an exploitative attitude to the natural world which is the key to our present ecological crisis. (Richardson, 1998) . White depicted Western Christianity as seeing the world existing primarily for the benefit of man, and it is according to Gods will that man exploit nature for his proper ends. Biblical verses that align to the Dominion Hypothesis Arguably the following passages from the Bible are aligned to the Dominion Hypothesis and are most frequently cited by ecology critics of the Bible. Then God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of trhe air, and over the the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thinng that creeps upon the earth So god created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them. And God blessed them, and God said to them Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over every living thing that moves upon the earth. And God said, Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit; you shall have them for food. (Gen. 1:26-29) Yet thou has made him little less than God, and dost crown him with glory and honor. Thous hast given him dominion over the works of thy hands; thous hast put all things under his feet; all sheep and oxen, and also the beasts of the field, the birds of the air, and the fish of the sea, whatever passes along the paths of the sea. (Ps. 8:5-8) 2 And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said to them, Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth. The fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every bird of the air, upon everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea; into your hand they are delivered. Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you; and as I gave you the green plants, I give you everything. (Gen. 9:1-3) You have made them to be a kingdom and priests serving our God, and they will reign on earth (Rev. 5:10). According to exegeses by theology scholar (Hiebert, 1996), the term dominion, from the Hebrew verb radah, implies that it grants humans the right and responsibility to rule, to govern the rest of creation. It connotes a hierarchy of power and authority in which the human race is positioned above the rest of the natural world, although the verb radah does not itself define how this dominion is to be exercised, whether benevolently or malevolently. The laws of Leviticus, when they stipulate that household servants are not to be *ruled* harshly (Lev. 25:43, 46, 53), imply that this kind of dominion may be kind and humane. Yet the use of radah in the context of international relations, where it is more commonly employed, carries a decidedly more antagonistic tinge, since it signifies rule over one*s enemies. It occurs frequently in descriptions of military conquest, where it is paired with such verbs as *destroy* (Num. 24:19) and *strike down* (Lev. 26:17; Isa. 14:6). When used of the Israelite king, radah always refers to dominion over his enemies, not to rule over his own Israelite subjects, for which the verb malak, *reign,* is the usual term. Similar conclusions may be drawn about the phrase *subdue the earth* in Gen. :28. The verb *subdue,* from the Hebrew kavash, depicts a hierarchical relationship in which humans are positioned above the earth and are granted power and control over it. The verb kavash is even more forceful than radah, describing the actual act of subjugation, of forcing another into a subordinate position. It is used for military conquest, where the same phrase used in Gen. 1:28 , *subdue the earth/land,* can be employed to depict the destruction and occupation of conquered territory (Num. 32:22, 29). It is also used of the king*s forcing his people into slavery against God*s wishes (Jer. 4:11, 16), and of rape (Esther 7:8; Neh. 5:5). In many of these cases, the abuse {19} of power is patently obvious. 3 Biblical verses that align to the Eco-Friendly perspective On the other hand, the following verses can be interpreted as being aligned to an EcoFriendly view:Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice; let the sea roar, and all that fills it; let the field exult, and everything in it! Then shall all the trees of the forest sing for joy before the LORD, for he comes, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world in righteousness, and the peoples in his faithfulness. (Psalm 96:11-13) Praise the LORD! Praise the LORD from the heavens; praise him in the heights! Praise him, all his angels; praise him, all his hosts! Praise him, sun and moon, praise him, all you shining stars! Praise him, you highest heavens, and you waters above the heavens! Let them praise the name of the LORD! For he commanded and they were created. And he established them forever and ever; he gave a decree, and it shall not pass away. a Praise the LORD from the earth, you great sea creatures and all deeps, fire and hail, snow and mist, stormy wind fulfilling his word! Mountains and all hills, fruit trees and all cedars! Beasts and all livestock, creeping things and flying birds! Kings of the earth and all peoples, princes and all rulers of the earth! Young men and maidens together, old men and children! Let them praise the name of the LORD, for his name alone is exalted; his majesty is above earth and heaven. (Psalm 148:1-13) *When you besiege a city a long time, to make war against it in order to capture it, you shall not destroy its trees by swinging an axe against them; for you may eat from them, and you shall not cut them down. For is the tree of the field a man, that it should [m]be besieged by you? Only the trees which you known are not fruit trees you shall destroy and cut down, that you may construct siegeworks against the city that is making war with you until it falls. (Deuteronomy 20:19-20) *When you enter the land and plant any kind of fruit tree, regard its fruit as forbidden. For three years you are to consider it forbidden; it must not be eaten. In the fourth year all its fruit will be holy, an offering of praise to the Lord. But in the fifth year you may eat its fruit. In this way your harvest will be increased. I am the Lord your God. (Leviticus 19:2325) You shall not let your cattle breed with a different kind; you shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed; nor shall there come upon you a garment of cloth made of two kinds of stuff. (Leviticus 19:19) For six years you shall sow your land and gather in its yield; but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the wild beasts may eat. (Exodus 23: 10-11) 5 The nations were angry, and your wrath has come. The time has come for judging the dead, and for rewarding your servants the prophets and your people who revere your name, both great and small * and for destroying those who destroy the earth. * (Rev 11:18) For true and righteous are his judgments: for he hath judged the great whore, which did corrupt the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand. (Rev 19:2) They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, for the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the Lord as the waters cover the sea. (Isaiah 11:9) The wolf and the lamb will feed together, and the lion will eat straw like the ox, but dust will be the serpents food. They will neither harm nor destroy on all my holy mountain, says the LORD. (Isaiah 65:25) Theology scholars commenting on this view of nature of the Old Testament wrote : It is therefore fair to conclude that nature is far from de-animated in Biblical thought. (Wybrow, 1990), The natural world may not be see n as sacred or divine in the Bible, but it is certainly not dead, lifeless, and outside the divine moral framework here are no scriptures suggesting that nature was viewed as dead matter to be manipulated by man.. (Kinsley, 1995). Referring to the theme of the kingdom of God running through the New Testament, Zerbe (1992) argues that the New Testament has significant ecological implications, he explained: Isaiah*s vision of restored humanity and nature climaxes with the statement that there will no longer be any hurt or destruction in creation (Isa. 11:9; 65:25). And John*s vision of judgment states that those who destroy the earth will themselves be destroyed (Rev. 11:18; 19:2). It is noteworthy that the prophetic critique of Rome in Rev. 17:1-19:4 closely connects greed and the earth*s destruction: the insatiable desire for consumption and wealth is what results in the destruction of people and the earth. The corresponding passages are as quoted above. 6 Alternative view: Dominion Theology in Genesis 1 vs. Dependence Theology in Genesis 2 And lastly, but most importantly, consider the following two verses, both from Genesis 2:Then the Lord God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being. (Genesis 2:7) The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. (Genesis 2:15) What is very important to the discussion in this paper is that according to Hiebert (1996), as evident in the above verses, Genesis 2 presents an alternative to the dominion theology of Genesis 1, which he calls dependence theology. His thesis being that the first human is made of the same arable soil as are all of other forms of life; and the divine breath into which his nostrils blown is the same with which all the animals live and breathe (Gen. :7; 7:22). The role of the human in the earth described is not that of mastery but of servanthood. In this account of creation, the theology of the human place in creation is not a theology of dominion but a theology of dependence (Hiebert, 1996). This theology is evident in other parts of Scripture, examples including Psalm 104 and the Book of Job (McKibben,1994). According to Hiebert: In this tradition (Genesis 2), the human being is positioned very differently within the world of nature. Here the archetypal human is made not in the image of God but out of topsoil, out of the arable land that was cultivated by Israelite farmers (Gen. 2:7). As a result of this kind of creation, humans hold no distinctive position among living beings, since plants and animals also were produced from this same arable soil (2:9, 19). Moreover, the role assigned humans within creation in this story is not to rule (radah) and to subdue (kavash) but rather to {23} *serve* (avad; Gen. 2:15; 3:23). The Hebrew term avad is properly translated *till* in these verses (NRSV), since it clearly refers to the cultivation of arable land. But avad is in fact the ordinary Hebrew verb *serve,* used of slaves serving masters and of humans serving God (Gen. 12:16; Exod. 4:23). , the conflicts of Genesis I and Genesis 2 notwithstanding, there are lots of thesis arguing that there is no inconsistency between the two chapters and the ouvert differences are due to different ways in recapitulation only . (Young, 1960),(Archer, 1964),(Kitchen,1966) On another plane of our discussion, we shall now turn to a brief discussion of the historical origins of our ecological crisis. 7 The Historical Origins of our Ecological Crisis There is general consensus that the planet earth is heading towards environmental catastrophe due to alarming development at different fronts: the green house effect, acid rain, damage to ozone layer, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, chemical pollution, freshwater shortage, etc. , amongst others. (Magdoff Foster, 2011).. But how did all these pollutions started? according to Thorsheim (2006), in his book The Invention of Pollution, it all started with the use of fossil energy, which was conducive to the Industrial Revolution. The first largescale commercial use of fossil energy was coal in Britain in the 1800s, which he referred to as a Faustian bargain for Britain, since on the one hand it helped to bring tremendous wealth, advance and power to the country, whilst on the other coal also filled the air with immense smoke and acidic vapors, which was one of the origins of what we now call the green house effect and acid rain. Fossil oil as energy had also been popularized ever since Edwin L. Drake drilled the first oil well in 1853, but the impact on the environment is equally as detrimental as Coal, if not more so. The fossil energy application was conducive to the Industrial Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution had led to the advance in comfort, convenience and enjoyment, from dwelling comfort to transport convenience to material needs, leading to the abundance and later overabundance in supply of products. Consumerism in the past decades had eventually been invented in order to help us to recognize our needs, and due to the needs for growth of enterprises, some products have also began to be designed with built-in obsolescence. All these initiatives had contributed to the generation of ever more wastes than in the centuries before the industrial revolution, much more than can be sinked by the earth, which contributed to the chemical pollution of soil, water, which has also altered the bio-diversity of the Earth. 8 Ever since the Industrial Revolution, the consumption of energy has experienced exponential growth (see figure 1. 1). Concomitantly, different kind of detrimental impacts had been inflicted upon the ecology of the earth (see figure 1. 2). As an in-depth analysis of our ecological crisis is out of the scope of this paper, focus is now centred on the origin of the crisis, viz. the advent of fossil energy application, which shall be discussed below. Some key developments relating to fossil energy application:1665 Invention of the first modern industrial steam engine by English inventor Edward Somerset which can use wood or coal as fuel 1794 First produce of Coal Gas by William Murdoch 1853 First refinement of Kerosene by Abraham Gesner 1859 Drilling of first Oil Well by Edwin Drake 1859 Building of the first practical self-combustion engine by Etienne Lenoir Religious Background of the Inventors / Innovators Astonishingly, what the above key developments have in common, according to research by the author, is that all the inventors / innovators were Judeao-Christian in religious belief, as can be listed below according to extant data. Inventor/Innovator Place of Birth Religion Edward Somerset (1601-67) Monmouthshire, Bri tain Roman Catholic William Murdoch (1754 1839) Cumnock, Scotland Roman Catholic Abraham Gesner (1797-1864) Nova Scotia, Canada Protestant Christian Edwin Drake (1819-1880) New York, U. S. A. Jewish Jean-Joseph-Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900) Mussy-la-Ville, Belgium Roman Catholic However, just as one cannot say that the inventions or innovations in fossil energy application has been due to Western Christianity, as otherwise one will fall into the post-hoc ergo procter hoc fallacy, it is likewise not valid to attribute the ecological crisis directly to Western Christianity. However, If we put the question conversely by asking that if the inventors/innovators were pantheistic, believing that the nature is sacred in itself and should be reverred, then it is highly unlikely that the inventions/innnovations had been conjured and accomplished by them. Science and Christianity It has been argued that science and christianity are coherent to each other, A British Scientist, Robert Clark, once said we may interpret the fact scientific development has only occurred in a Christian culture. The ancients had brains as good as ours. In all civilizations, Babylonia, Egypt, Greece, India, Rome, Persia, China and so on, science developed to a certain point and then stopped. It is easy to argue speculatively that science might have been able to develop in the absence of Christianity, but in fact, it never did. And no wonder. For the non*Christian world felt there was something ethically wrong about science. In Greece, this conviction was enshrined in the legend of Prometheus, the fire*bearer and prototype scientist who stole fire from heaven thus incurring the wrath of the Gods. 10 Consider also these statements from renowned scientists; William Thomson: Do not be afraid to be free thinkers. If you think strongly enough, you will be forced by science to the belief in God. Isaac Newton: This most beautiful system of the sun, planets and comets could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being , Stephen Hawking:In fact, if one considers the possible constants and laws that could have emerged, the odds against a universe that produced life like ours are immense. Conclusion This paper has attempted to examine the hypothesis of Lynn Whites that Christianity bears significant responsibility for the earths ecological crisis. The author has attempted to typologize and quote verses from the scriptures, exegeses and writings of theologians on the Biblical scriptures depicting the relationship of God, man and nature. Whilst according to the Dominion theological perspective as discussed above, the hierarchal relationship of God-gt;Man-gt;Nature (see figure 1. 3) is apparent, in the Dependence theological perspective, the hierarchal relationship of God-gt;Man ; God -gt; Nature (see figure 1. 4) is also evident. God God Man Man Nature Nature Figure 1. 3 The Dominion Perspective Figure 1. 4 The Dependence Perspective Other verses as listed under the section Passages that echo Eco-Friendly also act as a counter-argument for the Dominion hypothesis. It would seem therefore that Whites hypothesis that Western Christianity sees the world existing primarily for the benefit of man and therefore Christianity bears a huge burden of guilt is not grounded solidly, because as mentioned above, there are many verses which encourage man to be benign to our environment, and conversely, there is no single passage asking man to abuse nature for his primarily benefit only. However, if White argued that Christians bears a burden of guilt, then it is less reputable, as explained in the next paragraph. 11 If one concurs that scientific thinking is coherent to Christian belief, as discussed above, and like White argues in his paper, Western Christianity has been contributory in promoting modern science and technological advance, and from the standpoint of the analysing of advent of fossil energy as the origin of our ecological crisis, which does have tremendous detrimental impacts to our environment, it seems evident that Christians do have a direct linkage to the inventions and innovations leading to the mass scale use of fossil energy, the detrimental origin to our ecological system. Recommendations It can be said that with subtlety in the Biblical scriptures, interpretations are often contingent upon the context and the wisdom of the readers, as inspired at different times. What can be said is that given the state of development before the advent of sciences, man had been under the perpetual threats of nature, from attacks by animals, storms, sickness to famines and other disasters. The Dominion theological perspective no doubt inspired man to develop creative thinking about mastering the nature for the betterment of his lifelihood and survival, lacking which man might still be living rather primitively. The advent of sciences and most notably the Industrial Revolution can be depicted as the epitome of this mentality. As our civilization, technology and wisdom progresses, we should now be in a position to recognize that a Dominion mentality to the nature is detrimental to our environment and it is time that we revisit the scriptures to investigate whether we have overlooked an alternative theology in the Bible for seeing our relationship with nature-the Dependence approach, treating the nature as equals of ours, in which we serve god to ensure its goodness, and ensuring its long term sustainability to prepare for the Kingdom of God. 2 Bibliography Lynne White Jr (1967), The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis, reproduced in John Barr (ed), The Environmental Handbook (London: Ballantine/Friends of the Earth, 1971) pp 3-16. David Kinsley, Ecology and Religion: Ecological Spirituality in Cross-Cultural Perspective (Englewood Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice Hall, 1995) Richard Cameron Wyb row The Bible, Baconism, and Mastery over Nature: The Old Testament and Its Moderrn Misreading (Ph. D disserrtation, McMaster University, Hamillton Ont. Canada, 1990) p. 206 Theodore Hiebert, Professor of Old Testament at McCormick Theological Seminary, Chicago, Illinois. , Direction (Winnipeg, MB), 1996 Gordon Zerbe, Assistant Professor of New Testament at Canadian Mennonite Bible College, Winnipeg, Manitoba. , Direction (Winnipeg, MB), 1992 Howard Snyder, Liberating the Church: The Ecology of Church and Kingdom (Downers Grove: Inter-Varsity Press, 1983) 45-51. Young, Edward J. (1960) An Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing Co. ). Archer, Gleason (1964), A Survey of Old Testament Introduction (Chicago: Moody Press). Kitchen, Kenneth (1966), Ancient Orient and Old Testament (London: Tyndale Press). Thorsheim, Peter (2006), Inventing Pollution: Coal, Smoke and Culture in Britain since 1800 13

How to Write a #8220;Who Am I#8221; Biographical Essay

How to Write a #8220;Who Am I#8221; Biographical Essay Welcome to our third and final guide on how to write a â€Å"who am I† biographical essay where you will learn tips on enhancing your writing in order to get your professor’s seal of approval. However, it must be noted that this guide alone won’t help you write a great biographical essay on your chosen topic. It is absolutely necessary to read our first guide, 10 facts for a â€Å"who am I† biographical essay and our second guide, 20 topics on a â€Å"who am I† biographical essay in order to fully profit from what we’ve prepared for you. If you’ve read the previous two guides then let’s move on: What is a Biographical Essay? When you write about the life and personality of a person, you are in fact, writing a biographical essay on that particular person. You mention each and everything you can gather about that particular person before composing your biographical essay. But before you start composing, be sure to include these characteristics in your biographical essay: Real-Life Subject Thesis that states your thoughts about that particular person’s life Account of major events that occurred within the timeline of the subject Descriptive paragraph of the individual’s traits and personality What to Do First: Choosing the Subject First Choose a personality that is most appealing to you. You should have some first-hand knowledge on this person otherwise you may have a tough time composing your essay. Gathering Information Once you have chosen a personality as your subject, it’s time to research his/her life, personality traits and also the possible tragic events that ensued – you need to be well-versed in them all in order to write a great biographical essay. Ask yourself some questions like what part of your subject’s should you focus on the most and whether any major events took place during that time. Make a Thesis Statement Since you’ve gathered bits and pieces of information on the personality you chose, you are now ready to write a thesis statement that’s not only focused but also concise and liberal. Start Composing Now you are ready to write a biographical essay on the individual you chose as your subject. To organize a biographical essay flawlessly, be sure to cover major events of your subject’s’ life chronologically. In the meantime, you can start writing about some minor events that led up to the major ones, which according to you, were the most significant in his or her life. Here is how you compose a biographical essay: Introduction In the first few paragraphs, you introduce your subject and lead the audience to your thesis statement, which expresses your idea or thoughts on the subject’s life. The Body Before concluding, you must write a detailed account of your subject using the information you’ve gathered. These details must concisely develop your idea, opinion or thoughts on the individual. Conclusion The final paragraph of the paper is a restatement of the subject’s life and what he or she has contributed to the world – no matter how large or small as every contribution counts. Before Submission It is highly recommended that you use a lively tone, with a vivid sentence construction and colorful details that really speak to your audience on a personal and emotional level. This keeps your biographical essay informative as well as compelling to read. Before you submit your assignment to your professor, make sure that you’ve reviewed your essay very carefully and rectified any mistakes whatsoever. Proofreading your paper is essential because your professor doesn’t have to see the mess you make during the writing process. It is always better to correct your own mistakes and submit an error-free essay to your professor. This also happens to be an excellent way of improving your general writing prowess, by being your own critic. That’s it! You are equipped with highly informative facts, plenty of topics to take inspiration from and a writing guide for a biographical essay, so you can write flawlessly. It’s time to get your creative juices flowing and start writing.

Types Of Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Types Of Energy - Essay Example This form of energy is obtained by the conversion of wind energy a utilizable form of energy, for example, making electricity using wind turbines, wind pumps for pumping water, windmills for mechanical power or sails to propel ships. The important features of this form of energy include being clean, plentiful, renewable and zero emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) when in use. Large-scale production of wind power generation is done in wind farms which consists hundreds of single wind turbines connected to a network of electric power transmission. Its production is influenced by wind distribution in terms of strength and speed. This makes the production of wind power to be limited to certain places that experience winds that are substantially strong to turn turbines. This could be onshore and offshore places. Offshore wind power production involves the construction of wind farms inside in water bodies to generate electricity. Better wind speeds are available in these places compared t o on land/onshore. Some of the largest onshore wind farms are found in the US.Unlike other forms of energy, the production of wind power does take away farms from farm owners and neither does it render the land unusable for other purposes. It is highly compatible with agriculture. According to American Wind Energy Association (2009), landowners in the US receive a rental income of between $3,000 to $5,000 for each wind turbine as they continue to graze cattle or grow crops up to the foot of the turbines. In comparison to fossil fuels and other sources of power, the effects of wind power on the environment are less problematic. Their trends for the production and use of wind power have been rising and as of 2011, a total of 83 countries worldwide are using this form of energy on the commercial basis (REN21, 2011). Despite having lower levels of adverse environmental effects, wind power is not suitable for some places like Pitchandikulam because the area is forested. Trees act as windbreaks and therefore they reduce the speed and strength of the wind. This means that wind blowing over Pitchandikulam does not have sufficient power to turn turbines for generating electricity from wind. Pitchandikulam is also surrounded by other communities belonging to Auroville Green Belt and these communities are also forested and this reduces the power of the wind reaching this place. Pitchandikulam does not have an area with a very high altitude compared to its surrounding areas. This could have enabled it to utilize high-altitude winds for the generation of wind power. Alternatives energy supply or solution for Pitchandikulam which does not have a negative effect on the environment Wind power as a clean source of power could be the most suitable for Pitchandikulam. The alternative energy solutions or supplies for Pitchandikulam that do not have a negative effect on the environment is solar power. Solar power is a form of energy that is obtained from the conversion of sunlight into electricity. This is achieved through the use of various technologies that can be categorized as either active or passive depending on the mechanism through which they capture, convert and

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Project Management - Essay Example Some of the cost are administrative, utility bills, etc. this cost are involved in the budget preparation using an agreed rate stating that indirect cost not to exceed a given percentage of the total cost, most project use 15 percent. No, because other costs e.g. taxes and interests that were not involved in execution of the project either directly or indirectly were deducted from the revenue after selling the project. From my point of view the project seems to generate revenue over time as compared to selling it at the completion which will fetch a low price. Average cost of concrete worker per hour (ACW/H) is $ 24.83 (â€Å"Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted†, n.d.). These overhead charges are the costs that will be incur as the pouring of the reinforced concrete is executed, also referred to as indirect cost. The total estimate cost is $ 67,596. According to (Parker & Isola, 1991) overhead charges charge should not exceed 15% It is very important when a construction project or any other project is being implemented the overhead cost ought to be considered and caution to be taken, so as to prevent budget from being in crisis. Steel is one of the vital components required in reinforcing concrete. When the price of steel increases this has a negative impact to the budget of the project. This normally happens due to inflation or other factors that affect prices in the market. An increase in price will force the project manager to reduce the fund allocated to other activities or to source other funds to overcome the deficit. In budget preparation it is advisable that a 20 percent excess of the actual estimate should be added so as to take care of scenario like this one(Parker & Isola, 1991). Whenever hurricanes occur they cause destruction or

Early Literacy and Numeracy Development

Early Literacy and Numeracy Development Describe the learning context The children aged five years old were matching, writing number symbols and copying number words (for those who can) from 1 to 10 as they created their number book with stamps. The children used stamps to quantify the numbers based on the number symbol reflected on each page. Five children sat around the table, getting ready for the activity. Child A began stamping number one on one page, followed by two, then three on subsequent pages. Child B also began stamping on the pages. Child A saw Child B who had more than 6 stamps on the number ‘5’ page told Child B. â€Å"you are wrong, is number 5†. Child B looked at me and I told Child B, â€Å"it’s alright, let’s do it again.† I asked Child B as I pointed to the number symbol â€Å"What is the number?† â€Å"5† replied Child B and Child B printed two stamps on the page. A while later, Child A has completed printing stamps on the number book and began copy writing of the number words. Child B then completed the stamping of number with my assistance. Child B mumbling counted it while printing the stamps reflected on the page. Then, Child B moved on to copy writing on the number symbols. When the children have completed, they had a sharing session on their number book. Analyse the learning for conceptual ideas I have explored in the readings Based on the above learning context, the analysis of the following numeracy and literacy ideas are observed. Sociocultural context has happened in this small group learning. Rogoff’s three foci of analysis – personal, interpersonal and community provide a useful tool for analyzing young children. It emphasized how children’s thinking is incorporated with and constituted by the setting, collaboration, signs and cultural tools (Robbins, 2007). From the personal focus of analysis, we can observe how Child A transforms during the course of the activity, and how Child A collaborate and relate to others (interpersonal focus of analysis) in the setting (contextual focus of analysis). Vygotsky described Child B’s muttering as ‘private speech’. He appeared to be giving himself guidance and reassurance that his written answer was correct, showing a development in his cognitive thinking as he selected, matched and gave himself confidence (Ahmed, n.d.). Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) describes the area between the child’s level of independent performance and what the child can do with support (Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding, n.d.). From the observation, Child A has reached her level of independence of understanding the quantifying of numbers and thus, she pointed out to Child B’s correction that he had six stamps on the number page five. Children learn these number names by imitating adults and as they practice counting, they often say nonconventional sequences of number names (Reys, Lindquist, Lambdin, Smith, Rogers, Falle, Frid, Sandra Bennett, 2012). Children reflecting counting principles may show confusion when counting, however, with encouragement and opportunities to count, children will develop efficient counting strategies with any specific directions (Clements Sarama as cited in Reys et al., 2012). Child B is observed to face difficulties in counting beyond five, thus, with assistance and encouragement from the teacher, he was able to complete counting one to one correspondence up to ten. Child A’s pointing of the number symbols to Child B assists in her recognition of symbols. Child A in this case is more knowledgeable other (MKO), who has a higher ability level than Child B, in creating the number book (McLeod, 2014). This is useful to Child B as he attempts to store knowledge and information making a connection of the symbol to the word. Eventually this knowledge will be stored as symbolic representation and classified under different categorizations, as proposed by Bruner (McLeod, 2008). Number symbols are essential prerequisites for children to move on to more sophisticated mathematical algorithms that include the use of symbols for relations, operations and punctuations. Children must make meaning of what they are learning so that they can understand the reasoning behind the operations (Sperry, 2009). However, understanding of mathematical concepts has to be built first to help children further their understanding and learning in abstract terms, such as symbols. As such, Child B is making meaning of the symbols and number words, connecting the two, constructing his own mental image and understanding and modifying his previous knowledge, after interaction with his peers, therefore creating a new schema (McGee Richgels, 2008). The speech of the children served different purposes, as described by Halliday (as cited in McGee Richgels, 2008). Child A’s use of regulatory language attempted to control Child B’s actions by highlighting his errors to communicate information by guiding and giving the correct information to Child B. Literacy practices are important to everyday lives of children and it does not take place in isolation to other social practices and interactions with adults and peers (Makin, Diaz McLachlan, 2007). Conceptualisations about literacy must take account of the social practices which include listening speaking, writing, viewing and critiquing (Makin et al., 2007). From the observations the children were engaged in speaking, listening to others, as well as writing of the numbers symbols and words. According to Vygotsky, he emphasized that learning occurs through social interaction and he viewed that language is an important tool for communicating with the world (McLeod, 2014). Through the interaction between the children and the teacher, the children developed number sense and picked up literacy skills. Lesson Plan – Enhancing this learning situation with a new literacy and a new numeracy outcome in the same lesson plan Lesson plan for the five years old Literacy Objectives The children will be able to: Use words in the proper sentence structure Write number symbols Copy writing or spell out three letter word such as ‘ten’. Response to questions and answer appropriately Numeracy Objectives The children will be able to: Use one to one correspondence Counting in sequence from 1 10 Compare long, short and same using the children’s names and more or less. Answer questions to demonstrate an understanding of How many objects up to 10. Social Objectives The children will be able to: To be able to build up their self-confidence by giving them opportunities to present in front of the class individually or in groups. To be open-minded and be receptive to suggestions Introduction Introduce the counting number book titled Ten Black Dots by Donald Crews to the children. Read the story to the children. Teacher to give out strips of paper with the children’s name written on it. Using the cooperative learning strategy, round table, each chair is labelled from one to ten and children will go to the number after they counted the letters on their names. Teacher will have a discussion on whose names are long, short or they are the same. Main Activity Read the story to the children again. This time, teacher will demonstrate the story by stopping with each picture and counting the black dots. Teacher to ask questions such as, â€Å"How many dots do you need to make the eyes on a fox? In a large group, teacher to ask questions and have them to demonstrate on the board. For example, teacher will have a picture card with two missing dots on the eyes of a dog and five missing dots on the balloons. Encourage the children to come forward to complete the pictures. Then, have the children to respond by asking, â€Å"Which one has more dots? How do you know?† Then, children to take turns to paste the correct number symbol to the number of dots on the board. Teacher to encourage the children to come out with creative ideas how on the dots can turn into based on the number of dots given. A book with five pages, including the cover and back of the book will be provided for children Then, in pairs, children to create their very own story about the 10 black dots. Using their creativity, they will design their cover page with the title and their name on the front. Children will use black dot stickers to make their own story through drawing and they will write their story line on each page. For example, â€Å"1 one dot can make a clock.† They will have to through the numbers in sequence. For those children who are still developing writing skills, they are encouraged to write the number words and symbols. Closure Once completed, using round robin, children will take turns to read their story to the class. At the same time, their peers will share their thoughts about their friend’s story on how they feel about it and the teacher will record the responses in LEA. This forms part of their peer assessment. The teacher will then document the responses and leave the children’s story at the learning area for children to revisit their work. Discussion with numerous links to the readings to justify the literacy and numeracy content in your lesson plan In the lesson plan, cooperative learning strategy is used as to get the children create interest in learning. Cooperative learning strategy does benefit the young children as it encourages group processes, foster social and academic interactions among peers and rewards successful group participation (Lyman Foyle, 1988). Linking back to Rogoff’s three focus of analysis, the cooperative learning strategy helps the child to move from being aware of him or herself to becoming aware of other children. In one of the research findings, it had shown that cooperative learning activities do improve children’s relationship with peers, especially from different culture. When children begin to work on task, cooperation can open up opportunities for sharing ideas, learning how others think and react to problems and practising oral language skills in small groups (Lyman Foyle, 1988). It also promotes learning dispositions and positive feelings towards school, teachers and peers. Joh n Dewey also believed that children learn best for highlighting the positive social value of education and the importance of educators where educators listened to the children then facilitate them through activities (Hill, 2012). Based on the lesson plan, a story book is used to enhance the learning situation with a new numeracy and literacy outcome. Early childhood educators have been increasingly recognized the potential of using storybooks and picture books to introduce mathematics learning for children even though the children may not immediately relate it with math concepts and ideas (Flevares Schiff, 2014). Taking in from Vygotsky’s sociocultural perspective, some books have created a space for interaction and sharing or ideas presented by or analysed through the illustrations and text Flevares Schiff, 2014). Bringing in shared literature mathematics engages and socializes children into literacy aspect of shared reading and learning and the books can also be a springboard to address math concepts both at school and at home Flevares Schiff, 2014). In the lesson plan, children not only learn about numbers, they also learned to identify high frequency words, number words as they read and as well as practicing their writing skills. van den Heuvel-Panhuize and Elia (2012) have furthered explained that children’s books have an important role in teaching mathematics as the authors either refer to children’s books as a learning setting in which children can come across mathematics or as a tool that enhances to the learning of mathematics. In another study, it supports the idea that reading picture books to children has a lot of potential for mathematical ideas to children even without any prompting or any instructions (van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, van den Boogaard, Doig, 2009). With reference to the lesson plan above, the storybook sets as a basis to introducing one to one correspondence, number sequencing and as well as reading and listening skills. Howard Gardner appealed multiple intelligences are used concurrently and it balance each other as individuals developed skills (Brualdi, 1996). In the lesson plan, several intelligences are observed: Mathematical intelligence is seen where children used their logical thinking skills to work on number sequencing and one to one correspondence; Linguistic intelligence is used when children practice their speaking skills during the sharing session, writing their story, number words and symbol. Interpersonal intelligence is observed as the children work together, giving ideas objectively, creating their story and as well as intrapersonal skill where children build up their confidence level and speaking skills during their sharing session. References Ahmed, M. K. (n.d.). Private speech: A cognitive tool in verbal communication. Retrieved 1 March 2012 from http://www.iuj.ac.jp/faculty/mkahmed/privatespeech.html Brualdi, A. C. (1996). Multiple intelligences: Gardners theory. ERIC Digest. Flevares, L. M., Schiff, J. R. (2014). Learning mathematics in two dimensions: a review and look ahead at teaching and learning early childhood mathematics with children’s literature. Frontiers in psychology, 5. Hill, Susan. (2012). Developing early literacy: assessment and teaching (2nd ed). South Yarra: Eleanor Curtain Publishing. Lyman, L., Foyle, H. C. (1988). Cooperative learning strategies and children. ERIC Digest. Makin, L., Diaz, C. J., McLachlan, C. (Eds.). (2007). Literacies in childhood: Changing views, challenging practice (2nd ed). Elsevier Australia. McLeod, S. (2014). Lev Vygotsky. Retrieved 10 March 2015, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html McLeod, S. (2012). Simply Psychology. Retrieved 10 March 2015, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/bruner.html Reys, R. E., Lindquist, M. M., Lambdin, D. V., Smith, N. L., Rogers, A., Falle, J., Frid, Sandra. Bennett, S. (2012). Helping children learn mathematics. Australia: John Wiley sons Australia. Robbins, J. (2007, August). Young children thinking and talking: Using sociocultural theory for multi-layered analysis. In Learning and Socio-cultural Theory: Exploring Modern Vygotskian Perspectives International Workshop 2007 1(1), 46-65. Sperry Smith, S. (2009). The language of math: communication and representation. In early childhood mathematics (4th ed.). Boston: Pearson. van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, M., van den Boogaard, S., Doig, B. (2009). Picture books stimulate the learning of mathematics. Australian journal of early childhood, 34(3), 30-39. van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, M., Elia, I. (2012). Developing a framework for the evaluation of picturebooks that support kindergartners’ learning of mathematics. Research in mathematics education, 14(1), 17-47. Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2015, from http://www.toolsofthemind.org/philosophy/scaffolding/ Names: Loo Si Hui (25687514) Page 1

Miseducation of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson Essays -- African Ameri

Miseducation of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson In his book, The Miseducation of the Negro, Carter G. Woodson addresses many issues that have been and are still prevalent in the African American community. Woodson believed that in the midst of receiving education, blacks lost sight of their original reasons for becoming educated. He believed that many blacks became educated only to assimilate to white culture and attempt to become successful under white standards, instead of investing in their communities and applying their knowledge to help other blacks. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas is a prime example of Woodson’s argument on â€Å"miseducated† blacks. Although Thomas benefitted from programs like affirmative action, once he reached the high point in his career he supported legislature to end such programs. Hampton University and other Historically Black Colleges and Universities must take it upon themselves to teach their students the importance of contributing to their communities once they graduate and enter into the business world. Colleges like Hampton, Howard, Spelman and Morehouse have the opportunity to produce professionals that can restructure and save the black community. Students who graduate from these institutions have the resources and knowledge that are needed to revive the African American community and their economy. Black colleges must educate their students on the need for black businesses, role models and the importance of staying connected to their culture and community. Clarence Thomas and the many blacks like him also contribute to the â€Å"class† rift in the black community. The many educated blacks who do not give back to their community are labeled as â€Å"sellouts† by their peers and family me... ...If we learn anything for the White Man, we could at least learn about how he treats his own kind. Johnica Garrett: In order to better ourselves, we must recognize and identify the problems within our community. Once this is done, we must be willing to work on these areas. We must implement programs that encourage unity within our communities. There are rifts amongst all groups of people, but the key is to not let these divisions be apparent to your enemy. An example of this is the unity America is portraying to the rest of the world right now. Despite the many problems we have within our country, our government realizes that we must at least appear to be united in the eyes of enemy. The black community needs to grasp the importance of strategy and competition. We must try twice as hard as anyone else in school and work to prove that we are at least their equals.

Louisiana Coastal Wetlands: Restore or Retreat

Imagine returning to your Hometown 30 to 40 years from now to find it completely replaced by wetlands. This is the reality that many Louisiana natives living along the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico will have to face if coastal erosion continues at the pace it is going. Costello proclaims, â€Å"Since 1932, when the Department of Natural Resources began keeping thorough, accurate records, Louisiana has lost over 1,900 square miles or 1. 2 million acres of coastal land due to coastal erosion. (19). Loss of Louisiana’s coastal wetlands is a problem that will impact a wide range of individuals, from those living in metropolitan areas far away to those living in smaller cities along the shoreline. The resources that this ecosystem supplies are utilized nationwide. The United States is expected to lose billions of dollars from the seafood industry, oil and gas revenue, and commercial shipping if Louisiana’s coast disappears (â€Å"Turning the Tide: the Fight to Keep Coastal Louisiana on the Map†, 1). While the state makes up forty percent of the United State’s wetlands, it regrettably accounts for eighty percent of land loss (Williams 1). Louisiana’s wetlands are home to fish, plants, and other wild life exclusive to the area. Sadly, their habitat is steadily shrinking and exactly half of Louisiana’s original wetlands have already been lost over the past 200 years (Williams 1). Southern Louisiana is also residence to a unique, lively, and diverse group of people that can’t be found anywhere else in the world. They have an amazing culture that can be depicted in movies like Princess and the Frog, which will hopefully stay in tact in the midst of all the land loss. According to S. Jeffress Williams and the U. S. Geological Survey, â€Å"The swamps and marshes of coastal Louisiana are among the Nation's most fragile and valuable wetlands, vital not only to recreational and agricultural interests but also the State's more than $1 billion per year seafood industry†(1). Louisiana’s wetlands are 3 million acres, reaching 130 kilometers inland and stretching 300 kilometers along the coast (W illiams 1). It is the low-lying, swampy region that acts as the drainage basin connecting the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico (Costello 19). The Lower Mississippi River drains more than 24 million acres from seven states (Costello 19). Inhabitants have always been attracted to the region due to the vast range of resources available around the basin. Not to mention, residents were drawn in by the trade route and transportation that the Mississippi River had to offer in the 1700s (Costello 19). The fishing and shipping industries also provided many job opportunities, which made South Louisiana a very popular place to live (Costello 19). Bibliography Costello, Gina R. â€Å"Louisina Coastal Wetlands and Louisiana Coastal Grey Literature: Vanishing Treasures. † Maping Gray Resources for Coastal and Equatic Enviroments. Springer Science & Business Media B. V. , 1 August 2007. Web. 15 March 2011. â€Å"Turning the tide: the fight to keep coastal Louisiana on the map. † LouisianaDept. of Natural Resources, 2004. Web. 15 March. 2011. Williams, S. Jeffress. â€Å"Louisiana Coastal Wetlands: A Resource at Risk. † US Geological Survey Facts Sheet, 3 November 1995. Web. 15 March. 2011.