Sociology A Down- To- Earth Approach - 993 Words

In today’s society, norms are expected by everyone. According to the book Essentials of Sociology a Down- To- Earth Approach, Hansen states that norms are expectations of right† behavior (Hansen, 2014). There are also two forms of norms that may be strictly enforced or not. There is folkways and mores. Folkways are norms that aren’t strictly enforced while mores are strictly enforced for essential thought to care values or the well-being of a group (Hansen, 2014). Along with a norm and the two types, there may also be reactions to it. These reactions may be positive or negative and termed as sanctions. Sanctions are either expressions of an approval given to people for upholding norms or expression of disapproval for violating them (Hansen, 2014). In conducting a norm experiment, the terms were put to a test. The experiment consisted of an observed norm violation and an individual norm violation. The experiments resulted in what I had hypothesized. My hypothesis c onsisted of sanctions of the norms that were conducted. In the observe norm violation experiment, it was concluded to result in negative sanction. The experiment consisted of a friend of mine and I ordering our lunch at In n Out. It was my friend, Denise’s turn to order her meal. Denise ordered a double- double with no cheese, no thousand island spread, a single patty and only onions, tomatoes, and lettuce. The employee looked at her in a dumbfound manner and confirmed her ordered as a hamburger. Denise was notShow MoreRelatedThe Major Theories of Sociology Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolic Interactionism In the field of sociology, sociologists use many different theories to base their ideas and observations on; however, the three major theories that are used are symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. It is these three theories that will be the focus of this paper. To begin with, we will start with symbolic interactionism. Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead developed symbolic interactionism. In order to understand what this theory isRead MoreThe Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology911 Words   |  4 Pages Symbolic interactionism is the first of the three theoretical perspectives in Sociology. This avenue of examining sociological factors looks at more personal interactions than the other two perspectives. Sociologist observe patterns and behaviors of these smaller interactions to define, or redefine, the use and evolution of symbols in society. Some sociologist see this approach as being too focused on one person’s view and take on society rather than trying to understand society as a functioningRead MoreGender And Social Conflict Within Gender Specific Institutions1499 Words   |  6 Pagesseen in Gender Specific Institutions Miranda Shipley Morningside College The topics that I have been assigned to study in this specific sociology course that I am currently enrolled in include: gender and social conflict. Other than the assigned textbook for this specific sociology class, entitled Introduction to Sociology, I will also be using the sources entitled Article Tools and Gender and Social Conflict I believe that these sources better allowed me to reflect and explainRead MoreSociology and Common Sense Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesExplain the difference between a â€Å"common sense† and a â€Å"sociological† view of human behaviour, giving relevant examples. Sociology is a social science that enables people to understand the structure and dynamics of society. By using a scientific approach, and by critically analysing society using qualitative and quantitative methods, sociologists can find patterns and connections within human behaviour to provide explanations of how society affects people. Sociological views are based on theoriesRead MoreExample Of The Three Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology1044 Words   |  5 Pages Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Nanesha Greathouse HCC Abstract This paper describes the three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology: symbolic interactionism, functionalism and conflict theory. Sociologists developed these theoretical perspectives to help explain the way individuals conduct themselves and to help us to gain a better understanding of the world around us. Throughout this paper, the reader will learn about each perspective and its origin as well as additionalRead MoreThe Impact of Social Class and Stratification1728 Words   |  7 PagesSkylar Freve Mr. Gompf Sociology 101 30 November, 2010 The Impact of Social Class/Stratification Stratification and the division of people into social classes is a fundamental part of American society. Stratification is a concept that is universal; it is found in every country, every nation of the world. It is a system in which large groups of people, not individuals, are divided into different layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige. Stratification appliesRead MoreThe Role and Function of Religion636 Words   |  3 Pagesreligion is an element of faith (2012). My religion is Romanian Pentecostalism. I am the first generation born in America and my parents are from Romania. My religion is based on Pentecostal beliefs as well as Romanian culture. The book Essentials of Sociology talks about the functions and dysfunctions a religion, the symbols and categories of a religion, and the social class and tolerance of my religion. Henslin explains the different functions of religion and what they mean: questions about ultimateRead More Comparison of the American and Chinese Cultures Essay1898 Words   |  8 Pagesobvious classification of religion in the U.S. is race (Sociology A Down-to-Earth Approach, 1999, pg. 511). African Americas and the White population tend to separate themselves into their own churches. With so many congregations and denominations throughout the U.S. there is no dominate religion. Over the years moderilization in the U.S. has put less importance on religion. The Chinese culture is very much centered on religion (A Down-to-Earth Approach, 1999 pg. 512). Over a period of year’s educationRead MoreDivorce And Its Definition Of Marriage978 Words   |  4 Pagesdivorce, and even what is considered to be a couple. In order to understand divorce, it is important that we begin by defining what marriage is since divorce wouldn’t exist if it wasn’t for the step of marriage. According to our book, Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach (12th edition), it defines marriage as: â€Å"A group’s approved mating arrangements, usually marked by a ritual of some sort (the wedding) to indicate the couple’s new public status† (Henslin, 452). The mere indication that a marriage isRead MoreThere Is A Wide Array Of Theories About The Cause Of Crime1102 Words   |  5 Pagesan individual’s biological makeup and predisposition influences whether he or she will participate in deviant behavior. An individual’s genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in his or her behavior. James M. Henslin, author of Sociology: A Down to Earth Approach, states that advancement in biological explanations has discovered correlation between sex, race, social class, and age in devian t behavior (201). Firstly, one major biological theory of deviance is Richard Dugdale’s theory of genetic

Lingo - Definition and Examples

An informal term for the special vocabulary of a particular group or field: jargon.Language or speech that is perceived as strange or unintelligible. Plural: lingoes. Etymology: From the Latin lingua   , tongue Examples and Observations Cowboy Lingo The various buildings on the ranch had their various slang names. The main house, or house of the owner, was known as the white house (its usual color, if painted), the Big House, Bulls Mansh, or headquarters. The bunkhouse was equally well known as the dog-house, dice-house, dump, shack, or dive, while the cook-shack, if it was a separate building, was spoken of as the mess-house, grub-house, feed-trough, feed-bag, nose-bag, or swallow-an-git-out trough.   (Ramon Frederick Adams, Cowboy Lingo. Houghton, 2000) Australian Lingoes To speak the lingo is to become a member of a group that shares a sense of itself and expresses that sense in its own language. In the sense of the Great Australian Lingo that group consists of all its speakers--most Australians, in fact. There are also many other lingoes, past and present, that are and have been spoken in Australia by different groups, or speech communities as they are called. . . .What does the term TALK RIVER mean, for example? You almost certainly will not know unless you worked in or were close to the Murray River boat trade. In that speech community, it means to talk about matters relating to the river, its people and its business. Unless you are involved with the welding trade you would be unlikely to know that STICK and TIC refer to different forms of welding--STICK is with flame heat and TIC with an electric arc. Nor would you know what a KROMER CAP is.​  (Graham Seal, The Lingo: Listening to Australian English. UNSW Press, 1999) Hospital Lingo Like any specialized jargon, the shoptalk used by residents not only conveys facts but provides a running commentary on the absurdities of hospital life...A sampling of current resident-speak follows, drawn from the wards of a busy teaching hospital.Banana bag: an intravenous solution containing a liquid multivitamin that colors the fluid a bright yellow, used in undernourished or alcoholic patients. Doc-in-the-box: an urgent-care walk-in clinic. Hes moonlighting at a doc-in-the-box downtown.Gomer: shorthand for Get out of my emergency room. Any undesirable patient, usually one that is unkempt, demented, combative or any combination of the above...Tail-light sign: when a patient (usually elderly) is dropped off at an emergency room by relatives who drive away before an evaluation is complete, forcing the patient to be admitted to the hospital whether or not his medical condition requires it.Wallet biopsy: checking a patients insurance or financial status before embarking on expensive procedures.  (adapted from Hospital Lingo: Whats a Bed Plug? An L.O.L. in N.A.D. by Sheilendr Khipple. The New York Times, May 13, 2001) The Use of War Lingo by Journalists Back in August, the [Associated Press] issued a memo about how to convey campaign coverage, and it included this passage: war lingo — use criticized instead of attacked, or choose a better verb to describe what the candidate is doing, i.e., challenging, doubting, etc. Also avoidable: launch an assault, take aim, open fire, bombard. AP Deputy Managing Editor for Standards Tom Kent lays out the thinking behind the rules: We’ve long felt it’s a good idea to avoid weapons metaphors when we’re not talking about real weapons. Even beyond evoking memories of violent events, we think frequent use of these terms in non-military situations smacks of overdramatization and hyping, writes Kent via e-mail.  (Erik Wemple, No More Taking Aim,’ ‘Blasting,’ ‘Sniping’! The Washington Post, December 20, 2012) A Parody of Social Science Lingo The lingo used by sociologists and such annoys many reasonable people. Richard D. Fay of M.I.T. is one of them. Last week the Washington Star picked up a letter he had written to the Harvard Alumni Bulletin in which he showed how the Gettysburg Address would sound, lumbered up in that lingo:​ Eight and seven-tenths decades ago, the pioneer workers in this continental area implemented a new group based on an ideology of free boundaries and initial conditions of equality. We are now actively engaged in an overall evaluation of conflicting factors . . . We are met in an area of maximum activity among the conflicting factors . . . to assign permanent positions to the units which have been annihilated in the process of attaining a steady state. This procedure represents standard practice at the administrative level.From a more comprehensive viewpoint, we cannot assign--we cannot integrate--we cannot implement this area . . . The courageous units, in being annihilated . . . have integrated it to the point where the application of simple arithmetical operations to include our efforts would produce only negligible effects . . .It is preferable for this group to be integrated with the incompleted implementation . . . that we here resolve at a high ethical level that the deceased s hall not have been annihilated without furthering the project--that this group . . . shall implement a new source of unhampered activity--and that political supervision composed of the integrated units, for the integrated units, and by the integrated units shall not perish from . . . this planet. (Lumbering Lingo. Time, August 13, 1951) The Decline of Lunch Counter Lingo [T]he vitality of lunch-counter speech--cats eyes for tapioca, baby for a glass of milk, jerk for ice cream soda, and Adam and Eve on a raft for fried eggs on toast--had a raciness about it that many people sought to put an end to in the late 1930s.  (John F. Mariani, The Dictionary of American Food and Drink. Hearst Books, 1994) Pronunciation: LIN-go

Err Booklet Free Essays

ERR Booklet Task A – Short Answer Questions Ai – Imagine you are a newly appointed supervisor/manager within your service. You need to update your staff handbook to reflect current employment law. Identify three different sources of information you could use to enable you to do this. We will write a custom essay sample on Err Booklet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Direct. gov website Citizens advice Existing company handbook Aii – List three aspects of employment covered by law Work Conditions (safety, discrimination, accommodation, etc. ) Wages Hours ) List three main features of current employment legislation. Minimum wage Training Holiday entitlements Aiii – Briefly outline why employment law exists. Employment law exists to safeguard the interests of both employers and employees. We understand that this particular area of law is continually developing and it is of critical importance to keep abreast of evolving legislation. Bi – Describe the terms and conditions of your employment as set out in your contract of Employment or employment agreement )Job description – defining the role, responsibility level (eg Manager, Deputy Manager, Assistant etc). It might include limits on decision making/to whom one reports/is supervised by. 2) Entitlement – rate of pay, holiday entitlement, retirement and ill-health b enefits, bonus/overtime rates, uniform and/expenses allowances, canteen facilities, etc. 3) Responsibilities: working hours, dress code, reporting illness/absence, annual assessments, complaints procedures, notice periods for leaving/dismissal, requirements to change working hours. )General: Depending on the type of job, there might be other conditions restricting the employee taking other part-time work, confidentiality clauses, using company equipment for private use (eg phones, computers, vehicles) general codes of behaviour and adherence to certain corporate practices, health safety regulations, etc. The actual format of the contract will vary from company to company. Some will cover more general matters in a Staff Handbook which the employee is required to read and confirm he/she has done so Bii – Describe the information which needs to be shown on your pay slip/statement: Employee’s name Tax code National Insurance Nett pay Payment of overtime, bonus’s or tips Date Company name Payment method Payment period Biii – Identify two changes to personal information which you must report to your employer. Address Bank detail Biv – Describe the procedure to follow if you wanted to raise a grievance at work. You may describe this in writing or produce a flow chart or diagram. 1) Firstly, write to your employer setting out all the details of your grievance. ) Meet with your employer. Your employer should then arrange a meeting to discuss your issue and look at possible resolutions. It is your legal right to take a companion to this meeting, such as a colleague, a trade union representative or trade union official. This companion may speak on your behalf, but may not answer questions on your behalf. 3) Appeal your employer’s decision. After the meeting has taken place, your employer should write to you in a timely fashion with a decision on how your rievance will be resolved. If you are unsatisfied with this decision, then you have the right to appeal. This appeal should again be made in writing, and your employer must arrange another meeting. Bv – Explain the agreed ways of working with your employer in relation to the following areas: Without a job description how would you apply for a job, both you and your employer need to know the perimeters that you will work to be able to determine: the responsibility; the type and class of work you will do and pay scales. Unions will always never agree to working conditions that are not safe or health and safety valued,, however, the employer has a right to expect that when you are working in a firm that your time is productive so implementing ways of working by the use of ‘Time and Motion’ studies is not regarded as being taboo. That is why it is essential that there is communication between employer and employee or the employee’s representative, the Union. How to cite Err Booklet, Papers

Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce. Answer: Introduction: This paper studies the effect of parental discord on the psychological and physical health of a child, by examining the story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver. The story deals with the theme of separation, disharmony, conflict, struggle and miscommunication or rather lack of communication (Cammiss, 2016). Through the incidents narrated in the story, the author highlights how quarrels and arguments between parents traumatises the child and can sometimes lead to fatal injuries and harm. This assignment researches and studies the consequences a child suffers when born and brought up in a disharmonious family environment, full of anger and aggressiveness; and how it affects the psychological and physical health of the child. In addition to this, the child also has to suffer the pain of choosing any one of the parents. This view on divorce and its effect on children are supported by various theories coined by philosophers and authors. In recent times, the issue of divorce has become one of the most common causes of stress among children. The consequences of divorce are that the child will have to stay with only one parent, move to a new house and in a new environment without his or her consent. In most cases of divorce, it is the child whose well-being, desires are neglected by the parents, and thus suffers the most. According to Berlin, children who grow up in a intact and harmonised family environment, with the company of both the biological parents has performed better in every aspects of life; compared to those brought up in an hostile and aggressive family with the presence of only one parent (Haimi, Lerner, 2016). However, it does not guarantee the fact that divorce or single parenthood always lead to stress and poor performance in children; in certain cases they do have an advantageous effect on the development and well- being of the child. According to Harlow, Bowlby and Ainsworths theory of attachment, attachment is stated as one of the key factors that determines an individuals personality and behaviour throughout his life (Joyce, 2016). Attachment is a strong bond that first develops between the child and parents and then eventually between friends and lovers. In most cases children of divorce has difficulty in adaption to the various stages of life and forming a bond of attachment; whereas children coming from a peaceful and harmonious family background find it easy to adjust with society and forma a strong bond of relation. However, here also there are exceptions and we see children coming from a difficult family background adapting easily to various difficult situations in life and forming a bond of attachment with the society. According to Baker, parental alienation is a situation that occur when one parent target and actively campaigns against the other parent of the child (Kraus, 2016). This kind of alienating behaviour is a common occurrence among divorced and separated parents, as stated by Baker and Verrocchio. The authors also stated that alienation behaviour does not always occur due to happiness or lack of adjustments between the couples but the actual reason of such behaviour arises out of the desire to gain control and power of their familial situation (Skog, 2016). In the story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver, there prevails an environment of anger and aggressiveness, and the distance between couple is reflected as the girl stands at the door whereas the boy is inside the room ("Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver" 2017). There is an environment of gloominess and shadow in couples life as is symbolised by the darkness and gloomy weather outside as well as inside the house. The lack happiness and adjustment is between the couple is quite evident as they no longer want to stay with each other and there is no scope for resolution. In such a scenario, it is the child who suffers the most, as both the parents struggle to gain authority over the baby, as is depicted in the story (Thiongo, 2016).It can be described as a phenomenon of alienation, where the parents struggle for power and in the process neglect the emotions of the baby. In the ensuing battle between the parents, it is the child who is traumatised and this will adversely affect the ch ilds psychological development. This is kind of negligence is a total negligence on the part of the parents. The child does not get the love and company of both the parents and is forced to stay with any one of them and thus according to the theory of attachment, the child might find it difficult in future to adapt to the society and form a bond of affection with other society members ("An Analysis of the Short Story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver | Free Research Papers - EssayBoost" 2017). It might also give rise to reverse behaviour in the child and make the child more adaptable to various situations in life and thus create a bond of attachment with the society. However, in this story, the author depicts that discord and disharmony between parents can only lead to further deterioration of the family environment and can never have any positive influence as presented at the end of the story when a flowerpot falls on the ground and brakes. The breaking of the pot ominously indicates the fatal consequences, as they kept pulling on the baby. Though the author does not express it clearly, in his last sentence he mentioned that the issue has been settled ("Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver" 2017). This implicitly imply the fact that in the process of pulling on the baby the arm of the child might have broken, which symbolises their broken relationship; or something more fatal could have happened and the child might have been ripped apart, which symbolises death, not only of the baby but also of the relationship. However, in certain cases divorce can lead to positive influences on the child. Lack of adjustment and happiness between the parents can never prove to be beneficial for children, even if they stay together. Sometimes one of the parents lack sense of duty and care towards the child, and in such situations it is always better for the child to be brought up by a single parent in a more peaceful and caring atmosphere, than staying in an atmosphere of aggression and negligence (Thiongo, 2016). Thus, it can be concluded that conflict and discord between couple is one of the major sources of stress among children and young adults. In a disturbed family environment, young children suffer from various kinds of stress and trauma from a very early age. This hinders their emotional, psychological and mental growth, and influences the development of their behaviour and personality. References: An Analysis of the Short Story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver | Free Research Papers - EssayBoost. (2017). Essayboost.com. Retrieved 7 February 2017, from https://essayboost.com/an-analysis-of-the-short-story-popular-mechanics/ Cammiss, M. (2016). A retrospective study of the long-term effects of divorce on the wellbeing of young adults. Haimi, M., Lerner, A. (2016). The Impact of Parental Separation and Divorce on the Health Status of Children, and the Ways to Improve it.Journal of Clinical Medical Genomics, 1-7. Joyce, A. N. (2016). High?Conflict Divorce: A form of Child Neglect.Family Court Review,54(4), 642-656. Kraus, A. (2016).Parental alienation: the case for parentification and mental health(Doctoral dissertation, Colorado State University. Libraries). Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver. (2017). The Sitting Bee. Retrieved 7 February 2017, from https://sittingbee.com/popular-mechanics-raymond-carver/ Skog, F. (2016). Long-term effects of parental divorce: A population-based causal analysis. Thiongo, E. K. (2016).The effects of divorce on childrens social development(Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).